There are eight core industries having combined weight age of about 37.9%, these are –
Cement.
Coal.
Crude oil.
Natural gas.
Electricity.
Fertilizer.
Steel.
And the .
Navratnas –
Originally the title was given to nine “Public sector enterprises” (PSEs) identified by the government of India in 1997 as its crown jewels of the most prestigious PSEs, which allowed them greater autonomy to compete in the global market.
Until now the list has been raised to 18.
These can invest up to 1000 crore Rupees without explicit government’s approval.
List of navratnas is as follows –
Bharat Petroleum Corporation limited (BPCL).
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation limited (HPCL).
Bharat electronics limited (BEL).
Hindustan aeronautics limited (HAL).
Mahanagar telephone nigam limited (MTNL).
National mineral development corporation (NMDC).
Power finance corporation (PFC).
Power Grid Corporation of India limited (PGCIL).
Rural electrification corporation (REC).
National aluminium company (NALCO).
Shipping corporation of India (SCI).
Oil India limited.
Neyveli Lignite Corporation of India (NLCL).
Container Corporation of India limited (CONCOR).
Engineers India limited (EIL).
National buildings construction corporation (NBCCL).
Rashtriya ispat nigam limited (RINL).
Coal India limited (CIL).
Maharatnas –
In 2009 government established the maharatna status, which raises the company’s investment ceiling from 1000 crore to 5000 crore rupees.
These firms can now decide on investments of up to 15% of their net worth in a project.
The six criteria for eligibility as maharatna are –
Having navratna status.
Listed on Indian stock exchange with minimum prescribed public share holding under SEBI regulations.
An average annual turnover of more than 20000 crore rupees, during the last three years.
An average annual net worth of more than 10000 crore rupees, during the last three years.
An average annual net profit after tax of more than 2500 crore rupees, during the last three years.
Should have significant global presence / international operations.
The six maharatnas are as follows –
Indian Oil Corporation limited (IOCL).
National thermal power corporation limited (NTPC).
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation limited (ONGC).
Steel authority of India limited (SAIL).
Bharat heavy electrical limited (BHEL).
Gas authority of India limited (GAIL).
Miniratnas –
Can also enter into joint ventures, set subsidiary companies and overseas offices, but with certain conditions.
There are two categories of miniratnas.
Category-1 miniratna.
PSEs that have earned profit continuously for the last three years or earned a net profit of 30 crore rupees or more in one of the three years.
These are granted certain autonomy like incurring capital expenditure without government approval of up to 500 crore rupees or equal to their net worth, whichever is lower.
Currently these are 51 in numbers.
Category-2 miniratna.
PSEs which have made profit for the last three years continuously and should have a positive net worth.
These have autonomy to incur the capital expenditure without government approval up to 300 crore rupees or up to 50% of their net worth, whichever is lower.