Worst affected areas are Chambal, Betwa and Ken rivers.
Sheet erosion.
It occurs in the rajasthan.
Splash erosion.
Is the the problem of broad leaf dense forests in the region of M.P, N.E India and the Chhotanagpur.
Types of farming.
Subsistence farming.
Farmers cultivate small and scattered holdings with the help of draught animal and family members.
Tools and techniques used are primitive and simple and main focus is on the food crops.
Farmers and his family members consume the entire farm production.
Plantation farming.
Growing and processing of a single cash crop purely meant for sale.
It is capital intensive.
Other necessary things needed are vast estate, managerial ability, technical knowhow, fertilizers, good transport facilities, processing factory etc.
Mainly practiced in Assam, Sub-Himalayan Paschim Banga, Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Cardamom hills in south.
Shifting agriculture.
Performed by the tribals in the forest areas of Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram, A.P, Odisha, M.P and Arunanchal Pradesh.
Dry paddy, buck wheat, maize, small millets, tobacco and sugarcane are the main crops.
Cropping seasons.
Kharif.
Requires much water.
Long hot weather for their growth.
Grown in June with the arrival of the south-east monsoon.
Some crops are – rice, jowar, maize, cotton, groundnut, jute, tobacco, bajra, sugarcane, pulses etc.
Rabi.
Grown in winter.
Requires cool climate during growth and warm climate during germination of the seeds and maturation.
Sowing is done in November and is harvested in April-May.
Some crops are – wheat, gram and oil seeds like mustard and rapeseed etc.
Zaid.
It is a brief cropping season.
Practiced in irrigated areas.
Seeds are sown in February-March and harvested in June.
Some crops are – urad, moong and watermelons etc.
Crops requiring tropical, sub-tropical and temperate climate can easily be grown in one or the other part of the India. Some types of crops grown in our country are as follows –