In view of large import of food grains and inflation, agriculture was the highest priority.
Agriculture was followed by transport and communication, social services, power and industry.
Target growth 2.1%.
Achieved –
Agricultural production increased dramatically.
National income went up by 18% and per capita income by 11%.
Achieved growth 3.6%.
2nd (1956-1961) –
Nehru Mahalanobis plan.
Objective –
Rapid industrialization with particular emphasis on the development of basic and heavy industry.
Increase rate of investment from 7% to 11% of GDP.
Target growth 4.5%.
Achieved –
Durgapur (U.K), Bhilai (USSR) and Rourkela (West Germany) steel plants were setup with foreign help.
Atomic energy commission came into existence.
Tata institute of fundamental research was setup.
Achieved growth 4.1%.
3rd (1961-1966) –
Godgil yojana.
Indian economy entered takeoff stage. (words by W W Rostow)
Indo-china war (1962) and Indo-Pakistan war (1965) diverted the resources.
Two successive year of severe drought.
Objective –
Make India self reliant and self generating economy.
Increase national income by 30% and per capita income by 17%.
Target growth 5.6%.
Achieved.
Devaluation of currency by 57%.
General rise in prices and erosion of resources.
Achieved growth 2.8%.
Annual plan (from 1966-1969) –
Plan holiday.
In 1966 Indian money was devaluated by the government with view to increase exports.
4th (1969-1974) –
Objective –
Improving condition of underprivileged and weaker sections.
Target growth 5.7%.
Achieved –
First two years were successful, with record food grain production on account of green revolution.
Achieved growth 3.3%.
5th (1974-1979) –
Final draft was prepared by D P Dhar.
Introduction of minimum needs programme.
Plan terminated in March 1978.
Highlighted the core problem associated with the coalition government.
Objective –
Garibi hatao.
Attainment of self reliance.
Target growth 4.4%.
Achieved –
Achieved growth 4.8%.
Rolling plan (1979-1980) –
Gunnar Myrdal.
Brought out by Janta party government under Morarji desai in 1978.
Objective –
Enlargement of the employment potential in agriculture and the allied activities to raise the income through the minimum needs programme.
6th (1980-1985) –
Emphasis was led on greater management, efficiency and monitoring of various schemes.
Objective –
Removal of poverty through strengthening of infrastructure for both agriculture and industry.
Involvement of people in formulating schemes of development at local level.
Target growth 5.2%.
Achieved –
Economy made an all round progress.
Achieved growth 5.7%.
7th (1985-1990) –
Objective –
Accelerate food grain production.
Increase employment opportunities.
Raise productivity.
Achieved –
Indian economy finally crossed the barrier of the Hindu rate of growth. (professor Raj Krishna)
Annual plan (1990-1992) –
Due to fast changing political situation at the centre.
8th (1992-1997) –
Rao-Manmohan singh model.
Process of fiscal reforms and economic reforms initiated by the government in order to prevent another major economic crisis.
It was the first indicative plan.
Unshackled private sector and foreign investment control was the prime reason for high growth.
Objective –
Human resources development.
Target growth 5.6%.
Achieved –
Achieved growth 6.8%.
Improvement in trade and current account deficit.
Significant reduction in fiscal deficit.
Agricultural and industrial growth increased.
9th (1997-2002) –
Global economic slowdown and other factors led to revision of targeted growth rate.
Objective –
Growth with social justice and equality.
Emphasis on seven basic minimum services.
Empowerment of women, SC / STs / OBCs.
10th (2002-2007) –
Objective –
Improve overall framework of governance.
Agriculture was the core element.
Target growth 8%.
Achieved –
Increase in gross domestic saving and investment.
Increase in foreign exchange reserves to US $ 287 billion.
11th (2007-2012) –
NDC (National Development Council) noted that the slowdown of the growth could be reversed if the fiscal discipline of the government was strengthened.
Objective –
Ensure electricity connection to all by 2009.
Ensure all weather road connection, with population up to 1000 and above (500 and above for hilly areas).
Connect every village by telephone and provide broadband connectivity by 2012.
Increase forest and tree cover by 5%.
Increase energy efficiency by 20% by 2016-2017.
Emphasis on inclusive development.
Achieved –
Growth rate 7.9%
Service sector growth rate above 10%.
12th (2012-2017) –
Objective –
Faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth.
14 key areas to be focused such as energy transportation, natural resources, rural transformation, health, transportation, education and skill development etc.
Reduce consumption poverty by 10%.
Generate 50 million work opportunities in non farming sector.
Reduce infant mortality rate to 25 per 1000 live birth.
Reduce maternal mortality rate to 1 per 1000 live birth.
Increase gross irrigated area to 103 hectare by 2017.